Root Canal Filling Materials

Root Canal Filling Materials

(Part I)
ENDODONTICS
Dr. Raghad Sabah Jamel
2019-2020
Fourth Stage/ Collage of Dentistry

What is Obturation?

Obturation is the method used to fill and seal a cleaned and shaped root canal using a root canal sealer and core filling material.


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The objectives of root canal obturation

1- To obtain tight seal (apically and coronally) by total obliteration of the root canal space.

2- To prevent percolation of periradicular exudate in to the root canal by apical or lateral canals.

3- To prevent bacterial micro leakage.

4- To replace the empty root canal space with an inert filling materials to prevent recurrent infection.

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Requirements of Ideal Root Canal Filling Materials

1. Easily introduced into the root canal.
2. Seal the canal laterally ,apically and coronally.
3. Dimensionally stable after placement.
4. Antibacterial ability.
5. It should be radiopaque.
6. Not stain tooth structure.
7. Not irritate periapical tissue.
8. Easily removed from the canal if necessary


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Materials used to fill root canals

Classification according to Grossman:

• Solids : Silver points.

• Semi solids: Gutta percha and Resilon

• Sealers and Pastes
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• Fine canals that cannot be filled with gutta percha

• Small , calcified or round tapered canals.
Silver Points
Silver points are not recommended because:
• Do not seal the canal because of the lack of plasticity.
• Corrosion of silver points and crown discoloration.
• Mechanical irritation to periapical tissue if overextended.




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b)Removed silver cone with severe corrosion

Gutta percha
Gutta percha is a form of natural rubber obtained from tropical trees.
It is the most widely used root canal filling material.





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• Gutta percha cones are supplied by the manufacturers in different sizes (length, diameter, taper).

• Standardized gutta percha cones: Correspond to ISO classification as endodontic files with a color coding according to the ISO system for the different sizes (10–140). the idea is having a cone that corresponds closely to the shape and the dimensions of the prepared root canal.


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Advantages of gutta percha:

• Inert material.
• Dimensionally stable.
• Non allergic.
• Non staining dentin.
• Biocompatible.
• Soften by heat and organic solvent.
• Easily removed from the root canal.
• Radiopaque.



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Disadvantages of gutta percha:

• Lack of rigidity.
• Can be stretched.
• Do not adhere to dentin.


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Gap location between gutta percha and the root dentin

1- Thermo plasticized injectable gutta percha: heating gutta percha to a molten state and then forcing it under mechanical pressure ̏injection” in to the root canals. Injection of the gutta percha produce a good seal, but extrusion of the material from the root apex is possible.

Advances in gutta percha

Obtura
Ultrafil






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2- Gutta percha carrier devices: (Thermafil)

These are cores of metal or plastic coated with gutta percha. They are heated in an oven and then simply pushed into the root canal to the correct length. The core is then cut with a bur. A dense filling results, but apical control is poor and extrusions common. They are expensive and difficult to remove.
Advances in gutta percha
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A
B
C




D

3-Medicated gutta percha

As the destruction of bacteria is key to endodontic success,
a new formulation of gutta-percha Containing Calcium
hydroxide, Iodoform, Chlorhexidine.
Advances in gutta percha

Chlorhexidine containing gutta percha (activ point)

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Resilon core
• Thermoplastic synthetic polymer based root canal filling material. It contains bioactive glass and radiopaque fillers.

• It performs like gutta percha, has the same handling properties, and may be softened with heat, or dissolved with solvents.
• Resilon core is able to bond to the resin sealer which in turn attaches to dentin. This forms a monoblock which is highly resistant to bacterial penetration.




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Resilon available in the form of ISO sizes standardized and in pellets form which can be used for thermo plasticized techniques








(A)
Standardized
pellets
Thermo plasticized techniques
(B)
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