pollution

Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment

Types of pollution
1. Air pollution
2. Water pollution
3. Noise pollution
4. land pollution

Air pollution

Definition: is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as food crops, or damage the natural environment.
Air pollution

Causes of Air Pollution

The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, because of Deforestation and fossil fuel burning.
Sulfur dioxide is released into the atmosphere by the burning of sulfur containing compounds of fossil fuels. Sulfur oxides are very dangerous to humans at a high concentration. Sulfur in the atmosphere is responsible for acid rain



Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) also contribute to air pollution by reducing the amount of ozone the stratosphere. CFCs come from a variety of sources such as: The burning of plastic foam items Leaking refrigerator equipment Spray cans


Natural air pollutants can include: Smoke from wild fires Methane released from live stock Volcanic eruptions

a. Immediate effect: acute bronchitis, dyspnoea, suffocation and death

Effect of air pollution on health
Air pollutants commonly affect the respiratory tract resulting in:
b. Delayed effect: chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, bronchial asthma, emphysema and respiratory allergy.

Water Pollution

Factors that contribute to water pollution can be categorized into two different groups Point sources Non-point sources

Point Sources

point sources of water pollution include Waste products from factories Waste from sewage system Waste from power plants Waste from underground coalmines Waste from oil wells
They are called point sources because they are direct sources of water pollution and can be reduced and monitored



Example of a point source

Non-point Sources

The term non-point source encompasses a large range of sources such as: when rain or snow moves through the ground and picks up pollutants as it moves towards a major body of water the runoff of fertilizers from farm animals and crop land air pollutants getting washed or deposited to earth storm water drainage from lawns, parking lots, and streets

Non-point source: Agricultural runoff

Effect of water pollution on healthWater born diseases like diarrhea, cholera, typhoid fever, malaria, trachoma,…..etc.

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